Introduction

Depression is four times more likely to strike those over age 65 than younger individuals.  It is found in 20 percent of persons with Alzheimer’s disease, in up to 50 percent of Alzheimer's caregivers, and in 15 percent of adults over age 65.  Sadly, most people never get help for this treatable illness.

Symptoms of depression

The presence of at least four of the following symptoms over a two-week period may indicate depression:

• Depressed or irritable mood

• Feelings of worthlessness, self-reproach, or excessive guilt

• Suicidal thinking or attempts

• Motor retardation or agitation

• Disturbed sleep

• Fatigue and loss of energy

• Loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities

• Difficulty thinking or concentrating

• Changes in appetite and weight

Source: American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Indicators of depression in caregivers

Stress, anger, guilt, and grief related to caregiving can lead to depression.

Caregivers can experience grief at any point in the disease process.  You should seek help if the grieving process is so prolonged that it affects both physical and mental well-being.

Treatment is available

If symptoms of depression are present, it is important for you to obtain a complete medical evaluation to rule out other causes.  Medications or an unrecognised disorder may cause depression.

If there are no other underlying causes, consult a psychiatrist to obtain a diagnosis.  Geriatric psychiatrists specialise in recognising and treating depression in older adults.

There is no one test to identify depression.  The diagnosis involves assessment of medical history, possibly interviews with family members, and a mental status examination.

Treatment for depression can include some combination of medicine, therapy, psychosocial support and activities.